ISDND.RC(5) BSD Reference Manual ISDND.RC(5)
isdnd.rc - isdn4bsd ISDN connection management daemon config file format
The file /etc/isdn/isdnd.rc contains (if not otherwise specified on the
command line) the runtime configuration for the isdnd(8) ISDN connection
management daemon which is part of the isdn4bsd package.
The configuration file consists of keywords which start in column 1 fol-
lowed by one or more spaces or tabs, an equal sign, one or more spaces or
tabs and a keyword dependent parameter value.
A line beginning with '#' is treated as a comment line.
For keywords requiring the specification of a boolean value, the truth
value can be either yes or on while the false value can be either no or
off.
The configuration file consists of one system section, one or more op-
tional controller sections and one or more entry sections. In the system
section parameters regarding the daemon operation or parameters not asso-
ciated with a single remote connection can be set. In the controller sec-
tion parameters regarding a particular controller can be set. In the
entry section(s) parameters directly associated with a single remote con-
nection can be set.
The following keywords are recognized by isdnd:
system This keyword starts the system configuration section. It must not
have a parameter and may be used only once. The keyword is manda-
tory. The following keywords are valid in the system configura-
tion section:
acctall If this parameter is set to on, accounting informa-
tion is written even if the local site was not
charged or no charging information is available or
is not subscribed. (optional)
acctfile Specifies the name of the accounting file which is
used when the keyword useacctfile (see below) is set
to on. See also system keyword rotatesuffix. If this
keyword is omitted the system default is used. (op-
tional)
aliasing If this parameter is set to on, alias processing of
telephone-number to name is enabled (see also the
aliasfile keyword below). The default is off. (op-
tional)
aliasfile Specifies the name of the telephone number-to-name
alias database file shared with the isdntel(8) util-
ity when alias processing is enabled via the
aliasing keyword. (optional)
beepconnect In full-screen mode, if this parameter is set to on,
ring the bell when connecting or disconnecting a
call.
extcallattr If this parameter is set to on, the extended caller
attributes "screening indicator" and "presentation
indicator" are written to the log-file. The default
is off. (optional)
holidayfile Specifies the name of the holiday file containing
the dates of holidays. This file is used in conjunc-
tion with the valid keyword to lookup the dates of
holidays. (optional)
isdntime If this parameter is set to on, date/time informa-
tion from the exchange (if provided) is written to
the log-file. The default is off. (optional)
mailer This keyword is used to specify the path/name of a
mail program which which is able to use the "-s"
flag to specify a subject on its command line. In
case of a fatal error exit of isdnd.rc this program
is used to send mail to an administrator specified
by the keyword mailto. (optional)
mailto This keyword is used to specify the email address of
someone to notify in case of a fatal error exit of
isdnd.rc. (See also keyword mailer). (optional)
monitor-allowed
If this parameter is set to on or yes, monitoring
via a local or remote machine is enabled. This
parameter is optional and is set to off by default.
monitor-port
sets the TCP port number for remote monitoring. This
integer parameter is optional and is set to port 451
by default.
monitor This keyword specifies a local socket name or a host
or network for remote monitoring. The monitor
specification may either be:
the name of a local (UNIX-domain) socket
this MUST start with a "/", example:
/var/run/isdn-monitor
a dotted-quad host specification
example: 192.168.1.2
a dotted-quad network address with netmask
example: 192.168.1.0/24
a resolvable host name
example: localhost
a resolvable network name with netmask
example: up-vision-net/24
monitor-access
This keyword specifies the access rights for a pre-
viously used monitor keyword. The supported access
rights are:
fullcmd
restrictedcmd
channelstate
logevents
callin
callout
ratesfile Specifies the name of the ratesfile. If this keyword
is omitted the system default is used. (optional)
regexpr This keyword is used to specify regular expressions.
It can be specified more than once up to a compile
time dependent value (currently set to 5 by the
MAX_RE definition in the source).
All specified regular expressions are compared to
the log strings at runtime and if a match is found,
a program is run with the log text as a parameter
(see also the keyword regprog below).
For an explanation how regular expressions are
specified, please have a look at re_format(7) and
regex(3). The extended regular expression syntax is
supported here.
Hint: it might be necessary to properly quote the
expression to avoid improper interpretation by the
configuration file parser. (optional)
regprog This keyword is used to specify the name of a pro-
gram which is run in case a corresponding regular
expression is matched by a logging string. Isdnd ex-
pects to find the program below the path /etc/isdn
which is prepended to the string specified as a
parameter to this keyword. (optional)
rotatesuffix
Specifies a suffix for renaming the log- and the
accounting-filename. In case rotatesuffix is used
and a USR1 signal is sent to isdnd, the log-file and
the accounting file is not only closed and reopened
but the old log-file is also renamed to the former
filename with the rotatesuffix string appended. If
this keyword is omitted, the log-files are just
closed and reopened; this is also the default
behavior. (optional)
useacctfile If this parameter is set to on charging (if avail-
able) and accounting information is written to the
accounting file. (optional)
controller
This keyword starts the controller configuration section. It must
not have a parameter and may be used once for every controller.
The keyword is optional. The following keywords are valid in a
controller configuration section:
firmware This keyword is used to specify the path of the
firmware file that will be loaded to the card once
isdnd is started. This keyword is useful with active
ISDN cards.
protocol This keyword is used to set the D-channel protocol
for the S0-bus a controller is connected to. The
following parameters are currently supported:
dss1 The DSS1 or so-called "Euro-ISDN" D-
channel protocol according to ITU Recom-
mendations Q.921 and Q.931.
d64s An ISDN leased line with a single B-
channel (called D64S in Germany).
entry This keyword starts one configuration entry. It must not have a
parameter. This keyword must be used at least once. The following
keywords are valid in an entry section:
answerprog This keyword is used to specify the name of a pro-
gram which is run in case an incoming telephone
connection specified answer in its configuration
entry. The default name is answer. Isdnd expects
to find this program beneath the path /etc/isdn
which is prepended to the string specified as a
parameter to this keyword. (optional)
alert is used to specify a time in seconds to wait be-
fore accepting a call. This keyword is only usable
for incoming telephone calls (dialin-reaction =
answer). It is used to have a chance to accept an
incoming call on the phone before the answering
machine starts to run. The minimum value for the
alert parameter is 5 seconds and the maximum
parameter allowed is 180 seconds. (optional)
autoupdown For network interfaces using ISDN as a transport
medium it does not make sense to mark the inter-
faces UP before running isdnd. Typically these in-
terfaces are configured, but marked down, in the
respective ifconfig.* file. When starting, isdnd
recognizes these interfaces (configured with some
address, marked down, and having a matching config
entry) and marks them up. On shutdown, isdnd marks
all interfaces changed at startup DOWN again.
In rare circumstances you might not want this au-
tomatic handling. In this cases add an
autoupdown=no line to the config file entry.
b1protocol The B channel layer 1 protocol used for this con-
nection. The keyword is mandatory. The currently
configurable values are:
hdlc HDLC framing.
raw No framing at all (used for telephony).
budget-calloutperiod
is used to specify a time period in seconds.
Within this period, the number of calls specified
by budget-calloutncalls are allowed to succeed,
any further attempt to call out will be blocked
for the rest of the time left in the time period.
(optional)
budget-calloutncalls
The number of outgoing calls allowed within the
time period specified by budget-calloutperiod.
(optional)
budget-calloutsfile
A path/filename to which the number of successful
callouts are written. The contents of the file is
preserved when it exists during startup of isdnd.
The format of this file is: start time, last up-
date time, number of calls. (optional)
budget-calloutsfile-rotate
If set to on rotate budget-calloutsfile every
night when an attempt is made to update the file
on a new day. The statistics for the previous day
are written to a file with the filename specified
by budget-calloutsfile to which a hyphen and the
new day's (!) day of month number is appended.
(optional)
budget-callbackperiod
budget-callbackncalls
budget-callbacksfile
budget-calloutsfile-rotate
See budget-calloutperiod, budget-calloutncalls and
budget-calloutsfile budget-calloutsfile-rotate
above. These are used to specify the budgets for
calling back a remote site.
callbackwait The time in seconds to wait between hanging up the
call from a remote site and calling back the re-
mote site. (optional)
calledbackwait
The time in seconds to wait for a remote site cal-
ling back the local site after a call from the lo-
cal site to the remote site has been made. (op-
tional)
connectprog specifies a program run every time after a connec-
tion is established and address negotiation is
complete (i.e.: the connection is usable). Isdnd
expects to find the program below the path
/etc/isdn which is prepended to the string speci-
fied as a parameter to this keyword. The programs
specified by connect and disconnect will get the
following command line arguments: -d (device) -f
(flag) [ -a (addr) ] where device is the name of
device, e.g. "ippp0", flag will be "up" if connec-
tion just got up, or "down" if interface changed
to down state and addr the address that got as-
signed to the interface as a dotted-quad IP ad-
dress (optional, only if it can be figured out by
isdnd). (optional)
dialin-reaction
Used to specify what to do when an incoming con-
nection request is received. The keyword is manda-
tory. The currently supported parameters are:
accept Accept an incoming call.
reject Reject an incoming call.
ignore Ignore an incoming call.
answer Start telephone answering for an in-
coming voice call.
callback When a remote site calls, hang up and
call back the remote site.
dialout-type This keyword is used to configure what type of di-
alout mode is used. The keyword is mandatory. The
currently supported parameters are:
normal Normal behavior, call the remote site
which is supposed to accept the call.
calledback
Callback behavior, call the remote side
which rejects the call and calls us back.
dialrandincr When dialing or re-dialing and this parameter is
set to on, the dial retry time is added with a
random value (currently 0...3 seconds) to minimize
the chance of two sites dialing synchronously so
each gets a busy each time it dials because the
other side is also dialing.
dialretries The number of dialing retries before giving up.
Setting this to -1 gives an unlimited number of
retries! (optional)
direction This keyword is used to configure if incoming and
outgoing, incoming-only or outgoing only connec-
tions are possible. The keyword is optional, the
default is inout.
The currently supported parameters are:
inout Normal behavior, connection establishment
is possible from remote and local.
in Only incoming connections are possible.
out Only outgoing connections are possible.
disconnectprog
specifies a program run every time after a connec-
tion was shut down. Isdnd expects to find the pro-
gram below the path /etc/isdn which is prepended
to the string specified as a parameter to this
keyword. (optional)
downtries is used to configure the number of unsuccessful
tries (= retry cycles!) before the interface is
disabled (for downtime seconds). (see also the
keyword usedown further up). This keyword is op-
tional.
downtime is used to configure the time in seconds an inter-
face is disabled after the configured number of
downtries. (see also the keyword usedown further
up). This keyword is optional and is set to 60
seconds by default.
earlyhangup A (safety) time in seconds which specifies the
time to hang up before an expected next charging
unit will occur. (optional)
idle-algorithm-outgoing
The algorithm used to determine when to hang up an
outgoing call when the line becomes idle. The
current algorithms are:
fix-unit-size
idle algorithm which assumes fixed
sized changing units during the whole
call.
var-unit-size
idle algorithm which assumes that the
charging is time based after the first
units time has expired.
idletime-outgoing
The time in seconds an outgoing connection must be
idle before hanging up. An idle timeout of zero
disables this functionality. (optional)
idletime-incoming
The time in seconds an incoming connection must be
idle before hanging up. An idle timeout of zero
disables this functionality. (optional)
isdncontroller
The ISDN controller number to be used for connec-
tions for this entry. (mandatory)
isdnchannel The ISDN controller channel number to be used for
connections for this entry. In case a channel is
explicitly selected here, the SETUP message will
request this channel but mark the request as
preferred (the indicated channel is preferred) in-
stead of exclusive (only the indicated channel is
acceptable). Thus the exchange is still free to
select another than the requested channel! (manda-
tory)
isdntxdel-incoming
How long to delay the transmission of the first
packet after a successful connection is made for
incoming ISDN connections. The specification unit
is 1/100 second. A zero (0) disables this feature
and is the default value. This feature is imple-
mented (and makes sense only) for the irip(4) IP
over raw HDLC ISDN driver. (optional)
isdntxdel-outgoing
How long to delay the transmission of the first
packet after a successful connection is made for
outgoing ISDN connections. The specification unit
is 1/100 second. A zero (0) disables this feature
and is the default value. This feature is imple-
mented (and makes sense only) for the irip(4) IP
over raw HDLC ISDN driver. (optional)
local-phone-dialout
The local telephone number used when the local
site dials out. When dialing out to a remote site,
the number specified here is put into the Calling
Party Number Information Element.
This keyword is mandatory for the irip user-land
interfaces.
local-phone-incoming
The local telephone number used for verifying the
destination of incoming calls. When a remote site
dials in, this number is used to verify that it is
the local site which the remote site wants to con-
nect to. It is compared with the Called Party
Number Information Element got from the telephone
exchange.
This keyword is mandatory for the irip interfaces.
name Defines a symbolic name for this configuration en-
try. Its purpose is to use this name in the full-
screen display for easy identification of a link
to a remote site and for accounting purposes.
(mandatory)
ppp-auth-paranoid
If set to no, the remote site is not required to
prove its authenticity for connections that are
initiated by the local site. The default is yes
and requires the remote site to always authenti-
cate.
This keyword is only used if ppp-send-auth has
been set to pap or chap for an ippp PPP interface.
(optional)
ppp-auth-rechallenge
Set to no, if the other side does not support re-
challenging for chap. The default is yes, which
causes verification of the remote site's authenti-
city once in a while.
This keyword is only used if ppp-expect-auth has
been set to chap for an ippp PPP interface. (op-
tional)
ppp-expect-auth
The local site expects the authenticity of the re-
mote site to be proved by the specified method.
The supported methods are:
none Do not require the other side to authenti-
cate. Typical uses are dial-out to an ISP
(many ISPs do not authenticate themselves
to clients) or offering anonymous dial-in
at the local site.
chap The preferred authentication method, which
does not require a password to be sent in
the clear.
pap The unprotected authentication method,
which allows anybody watching the wire to
grab name and password.
If ppp-auth-paranoid is set to no (the default is
yes) outgoing connections will not require the re-
mote site to authenticate itself.
This keyword is only used for the ippp PPP inter-
faces. (optional)
ppp-expect-name
The name that has to be provided by the remote
site to prove its authenticity.
This keyword is only used if ppp-expect-auth has
been set to pap or chap for an ippp PPP interface.
(optional)
ppp-expect-password
The secret that has to be provided by the remote
site to prove its authenticity.
This keyword is only used if ppp-expect-auth has
been set to pap or chap for an ippp PPP interface.
(optional)
ppp-send-auth The authentication method required by the remote
site. The currently supported parameters are:
none The remote site does not expect or support
authentication.
chap The preferred authentication method, which
does not require a password to be sent in
the clear.
pap The unprotected authentication method,
which allows anybody watching the wire to
grab name and password.
This keyword is only used for the ippp PPP inter-
faces. (optional)
ppp-send-name The authentication name sent to the remote site.
This keyword is only used if ppp-send-auth has
been set to pap or chap for an ippp PPP interface.
(optional)
ppp-send-password
The secret used to prove the local site's authen-
ticity to the remote site.
This keyword is only used if ppp-send-auth has
been set to pap or chap for an ippp PPP interface.
(optional)
ratetype The rate entry used from the rates file. (option-
al)
For example, ratetype=0 selects lines beginning
"ra0" in /etc/isdn/isdnd.rates; (typically ra0
lines are a set of tables for local call rates on
different days of the week & times per day).
recoverytime The time in seconds to wait between dial retries.
(optional)
remdial-handling
is used to specify the dialout behavior in case
more than one outgoing number is specified. The
currently supported parameters are:
first For every new (non-retry) call setup,
start with the first number.
last For every new (non-retry) call setup,
start with the last number with which a
successful connection was made.
next For every new (non-retry) call setup,
start with the next number which follows
the last one used.
remote-phone-dialout
The remote telephone number used when the local
site dials out. When dialing out to a remote site,
the number specified here is put into the Called
Party Number Information Element.
This keyword is mandatory for the irip interfaces.
It may be specified more than once to try to dial
to several numbers until one succeeds.
remote-phone-incoming
The remote telephone number used to verify an in-
coming call. When a remote site dials in, this
number is used to verify that it is the correct
remote site which is herewith authorized to con-
nect into the local system. This parameter is com-
pared against the Calling Party Number Information
Element got from the telephone exchange.
This keyword is mandatory for the irip interfaces.
This keyword may have a wildcard parameter '*' to
permit anyone dialing in.
unitlength The length of a charging unit in seconds. This is
used in conjunction with the idletime to decide
when to hang up a connection. (optional)
unitlengthsrc This keyword is used to specify from which source
isdnd(8) takes the unitlength for short-hold mode.
The currently configurable values are:
none Then unitlength is not specified anywhere.
cmdl Use the unitlength specified on the com-
mand line.
conf Use the unitlength specified in the confi-
guration file with the keyword unitlength.
rate Use the unitlength from the ratesfile
specified in the configuration file with
the keyword ratetype.
aocd Use a dynamically calculated unitlength in
case AOCD is subscribed on the ISDN line.
(AOCD is an acronym for ``Advice Of Charge
During the call'' which is a service pro-
vided by the telecommunications (ie phone)
provider, to indicate billable units).
usrdevicename Specifies the user-land interface which is used
for interfacing ISDN B channel data to the user-
land. The keyword is mandatory. This keyword ac-
cepts the following parameters:
irip This parameter configures a raw HDLC IP
over ISDN interface.
ippp This parameter configures a synchronous
PPP over ISDN interface.
rbch This specifies a Raw B Channel access in-
terface.
isdntel
ISDN telephony.
ing configures a ISDN B-channel to NetGraph
interface.
usrdeviceunit Specifies the unit number for the device which is
specified with usrdevicename.
usedown is used to enable the use of the keywords
downtries and downtime in the entries section(s).
It is used in the isdnd daemon to dynamically en-
able and disable the IP interfaces to avoid exces-
sive dialing activities in case of transient
failures (such as busy lines). This parameter is
optional and is set to off by default.
valid Note: this feature is considered experimental! The
parameter to this keyword is a string specifying a
time range within which this entry is valid. The
time specification consists of a list of weekdays
and/or a holiday indicator ( see also the
holidayfile keyword in the system section )
separated by commas followed by an optional day-
time range specification in the form hh:mm-hh:mm.
The weekdays are specified as numbers from 0 to 6
and the number 7 for holidays:
0 Sunday
1 Monday
2 Tuesday
3 Wednesday
4 Thursday
5 Friday
6 Saturday
7 a Holiday
The following examples describe the "T-ISDN xxl"
tariff of the german Telekom:
1,2,3,4,5,6,09:00-18:00
Monday through Saturday, daytime 9:00 to
18:00
1,2,3,4,5,6,18:00-9:00
Monday through Saturday, nighttime 18:00
to 9:00
0,7 Sunday and on holidays, all 24 hours
The use of this keyword is optional.
IDLETIME CALCULATION AND SHORT-HOLD MODE
incoming calls
It is assumed that the calling side knows most about charging
structures and such and as a consequence only the keyword
idletime-incoming has a function for incoming calls.
For incoming calls the line is constantly monitored, and in case
there was not traffic taking place for the time in seconds speci-
fied by idletime-incoming the call is closed.
Typically, idletime-incoming is used as a last resort and is
therefore set much higher than a charging unit time: typical
values are one to five minutes.
outgoing calls
Outgoing call disconnect time can be set up in one of three ways:
simple mode
For simple mode, the idle-algorithm-outgoing must be fix-
unit-size and the selected unitlength must be 0 (zero)
and idletime-outgoing greater zero.
The outgoing traffic is constantly monitored, and in case
there was not traffic taking place for the time in
seconds specified by idletime-outgoing the call is
closed.
Typical values in simple mode are 10 to 30 seconds.
shorthold mode for fixed unit charging
For shorthold mode, the idle-algorithm-outgoing
must be fix-unit-size
and the selected unitlength and idletime-outgoing must
be greater than 0 (zero); earlyhangup must be >= 0
(zero).
|<unchecked-window>|<checkwindow>|<safetywindow>|
| | | |
+------------------+-------------+--------------+
| | | |
| |<-idle-time->|<earlyhangup->|
|<--------------unitlength--------------------->|
During the unchecked window which is (unitlength - (idle-
time+earlyhangup)) in length, no idle check is done.
After the unchecked window has ended, the line is checked
for idle-time length if no traffic takes place. In case
there was traffic detected in the check-window, the same
procedure is restarted at the beginning of the next unit.
In case no traffic was detected during the check-window,
the line is closed at the end of the check window.
Notice: unitlength must (!) be greater than the sum of
idletime-outgoing and earlyhangup!
shorthold mode for variable unit charging
For shorthold mode, the idle-algorithm-outgoing must be
var-unit-size and the selected unitlength and idletime-
outgoing must be greater than 0 (zero);
This shorthold mode is suitable when your calls are
billed on the elapse time of the call plus a fixed con-
nection charge. For example British Telecom bill this
way.
Each call is divided into two periods, the first is the
unchecked period and the second is the checked. The
checked period starts 1 second before the first units
time expires.
During the checked period if there is no traffic for
idle-time seconds the call is disconnected.
|<---unchecked------------------>|<------checked------>
+------------------+-------------+
| |<-idle-time->|
|<--------------unitlength------->|
Experience shows that useful values for idle-time are
from 15 to 30 seconds.
If idle-time is too short an application that is not yet
finished with the network will cause a new call to be
placed.
/etc/isdn/isdnd.rc The default configuration file for the isdnd ISDN
daemon.
regex(3), re_format(7), isdnd(8), isdnmonitor(8)
The isdnd(8) daemon and this manual page were written by Hellmuth
Michaelis <hm@kts.org>.
Additions to this manual page by
Barry Scott <barry@scottb.demon.co.uk>.
MirBSD #10-current September 25, 2003 10