MirBSD manpage: Scalar::Util(3p)


ext::List::Util::Perl:Prograemxmte:r:sLiRsetf:e:Util::lib::Scalar::Util(3p)

NAME

     Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subrou-
     tines

SYNOPSIS

         use Scalar::Util qw(blessed dualvar isweak readonly refaddr reftype tainted
                             weaken isvstring looks_like_number set_prototype);

DESCRIPTION

     "Scalar::Util" contains a selection of subroutines that peo-
     ple have expressed would be nice to have in the perl core,
     but the usage would not really be high enough to warrant the
     use of a keyword, and the size so small such that being
     individual extensions would be wasteful.

     By default "Scalar::Util" does not export any subroutines.
     The subroutines defined are

     blessed EXPR
         If EXPR evaluates to a blessed reference the name of the
         package that it is blessed into is returned. Otherwise
         "undef" is returned.

            $scalar = "foo";
            $class  = blessed $scalar;           # undef

            $ref    = [];
            $class  = blessed $ref;              # undef

            $obj    = bless [], "Foo";
            $class  = blessed $obj;              # "Foo"

     dualvar NUM, STRING
         Returns a scalar that has the value NUM in a numeric
         context and the value STRING in a string context.

             $foo = dualvar 10, "Hello";
             $num = $foo + 2;                    # 12
             $str = $foo . " world";             # Hello world

     isvstring EXPR
         If EXPR is a scalar which was coded as a vstring the
         result is true.

             $vs   = v49.46.48;
             $fmt  = isvstring($vs) ? "%vd" : "%s"; #true
             printf($fmt,$vs);

     isweak EXPR
         If EXPR is a scalar which is a weak reference the result
         is true.

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             $ref  = \$foo;
             $weak = isweak($ref);               # false
             weaken($ref);
             $weak = isweak($ref);               # true

         NOTE: Copying a weak reference creates a normal, strong,
         reference.

             $copy = $ref;
             $weak = isweak($ref);               # false

     looks_like_number EXPR
         Returns true if perl thinks EXPR is a number. See
         "looks_like_number" in perlapi.

     openhandle FH
         Returns FH if FH may be used as a filehandle and is
         open, or FH is a tied handle. Otherwise "undef" is
         returned.

             $fh = openhandle(*STDIN);           # \*STDIN
             $fh = openhandle(\*STDIN);          # \*STDIN
             $fh = openhandle(*NOTOPEN);         # undef
             $fh = openhandle("scalar");         # undef

     readonly SCALAR
         Returns true if SCALAR is readonly.

             sub foo { readonly($_[0]) }

             $readonly = foo($bar);              # false
             $readonly = foo(0);                 # true

     refaddr EXPR
         If EXPR evaluates to a reference the internal memory
         address of the referenced value is returned. Otherwise
         "undef" is returned.

             $addr = refaddr "string";           # undef
             $addr = refaddr \$var;              # eg 12345678
             $addr = refaddr [];                 # eg 23456784

             $obj  = bless {}, "Foo";
             $addr = refaddr $obj;               # eg 88123488

     reftype EXPR
         If EXPR evaluates to a reference the type of the vari-
         able referenced is returned. Otherwise "undef" is
         returned.

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             $type = reftype "string";           # undef
             $type = reftype \$var;              # SCALAR
             $type = reftype [];                 # ARRAY

             $obj  = bless {}, "Foo";
             $type = reftype $obj;               # HASH

     set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE
         Sets the prototype of the given function, or deletes it
         if PROTOTYPE is undef. Returns the CODEREF.

             set_prototype \&foo, '$$';

     tainted EXPR
         Return true if the result of EXPR is tainted

             $taint = tainted("constant");       # false
             $taint = tainted($ENV{PWD});        # true if running under -T

     weaken REF
         REF will be turned into a weak reference. This means
         that it will not hold a reference count on the object it
         references. Also when the reference count on that object
         reaches zero, REF will be set to undef.

         This is useful for keeping copies of references , but
         you don't want to prevent the object being DESTROY-ed at
         its usual time.

             {
               my $var;
               $ref = \$var;
               weaken($ref);                     # Make $ref a weak reference
             }
             # $ref is now undef

         Note that if you take a copy of a scalar with a weakened
         reference, the copy will be a strong reference.

             my $var;
             my $foo = \$var;
             weaken($foo);                       # Make $foo a weak reference
             my $bar = $foo;                     # $bar is now a strong reference

         This may be less obvious in other situations, such as
         "grep()", for instance when grepping through a list of
         weakened references to objects that may have been des-
         troyed already:

             @object = grep { defined } @object;

         This will indeed remove all references to destroyed

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         objects, but the remaining references to objects will be
         strong, causing the remaining objects to never be des-
         troyed because there is now always a strong reference to
         them in the @object array.

KNOWN BUGS

     There is a bug in perl5.6.0 with UV's that are >= 1<<31.
     This will show up as tests 8 and 9 of dualvar.t failing

COPYRIGHT

     Copyright (c) 1997-2005 Graham Barr <gbarr@pobox.com>. All
     rights reserved. This program is free software; you can
     redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as
     Perl itself.

     Except weaken and isweak which are

     Copyright (c) 1999 Tuomas J. Lukka <lukka@iki.fi>. All
     rights reserved. This program is free software; you can
     redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as
     perl itself.

BLATANT PLUG

     The weaken and isweak subroutines in this module and the
     patch to the core Perl were written in connection  with the
     APress book `Tuomas J. Lukka's Definitive Guide to Object-
     Oriented Programming in Perl', to avoid explaining why cer-
     tain things would have to be done in cumbersome ways.

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