MirBSD manpage: ExtUtils::Embed(3p)


ExtUtils::Embed(3Perl Programmers Reference GuExtUtils::Embed(3p)

NAME

     ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++
     applications

SYNOPSIS

      perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit
      perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ccopts
      perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts

DESCRIPTION

     ExtUtils::Embed provides utility functions for embedding a
     Perl interpreter and extensions in your C/C++ applications.
     Typically, an application Makefile will invoke
     ExtUtils::Embed functions while building your application.

@EXPORT
     ExtUtils::Embed exports the following functions:

     xsinit(), ldopts(), ccopts(), perl_inc(), ccflags(),
     ccdlflags(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(), xsi_body()

FUNCTIONS

     xsinit()
         Generate C/C++ code for the XS initializer function.

         When invoked as `perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit --`
         the following options are recognized:

         -o <output filename> (Defaults to perlxsi.c)

         -o STDOUT will print to STDOUT.

         -std (Write code for extensions that are linked with the
         current Perl.)

         Any additional arguments are expected to be names of
         modules to generate code for.

         When invoked with parameters the following are accepted
         and optional:

         "xsinit($filename,$std,[@modules])"

         Where,

         $filename is equivalent to the -o option.

         $std is boolean, equivalent to the -std option.

         [@modules] is an array ref, same as additional arguments
         mentioned above.

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     Examples
          perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit -- -o xsinit.c Socket

         This will generate code with an xs_init function that
         glues the perl Socket::bootstrap function to the C
         boot_Socket function and writes it to a file named
         xsinit.c.

         Note that DynaLoader is a special case where it must
         call boot_DynaLoader directly.

          perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit

         This will generate code for linking with DynaLoader and
         each static extension found in $Config{static_ext}. The
         code is written to the default file name perlxsi.c.

          perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit -- -o xsinit.c -std DBI DBD::Oracle

         Here, code is written for all the currently linked
         extensions along with code for DBI and DBD::Oracle.

         If you have a working DynaLoader then there is rarely
         any need to statically link in any other extensions.

     ldopts()
         Output arguments for linking the Perl library and exten-
         sions to your application.

         When invoked as `perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts --`
         the following options are recognized:

         -std

         Output arguments for linking the Perl library and any
         extensions linked with the current Perl.

         -I <path1:path2>

         Search path for ModuleName.a archives. Default path is
         @INC. Library archives are expected to be found as
         /some/path/auto/ModuleName/ModuleName.a For example,
         when looking for Socket.a relative to a search path, we
         should find auto/Socket/Socket.a

         When looking for DBD::Oracle relative to a search path,
         we should find auto/DBD/Oracle/Oracle.a

         Keep in mind that you can always supply
         /my/own/path/ModuleName.a as an additional linker argu-
         ment.

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         --  <list of linker args>

         Additional linker arguments to be considered.

         Any additional arguments found before the -- token are
         expected to be names of modules to generate code for.

         When invoked with parameters the following are accepted
         and optional:

         "ldopts($std,[@modules],[@link_args],$path)"

         Where:

         $std is boolean, equivalent to the -std option.

         [@modules] is equivalent to additional arguments found
         before the -- token.

         [@link_args] is equivalent to arguments found after the
         -- token.

         $path is equivalent to the -I option.

         In addition, when ldopts is called with parameters, it
         will return the argument string rather than print it to
         STDOUT.

     Examples
          perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts

         This will print arguments for linking with libperl.a,
         DynaLoader and extensions found in $Config{static_ext}.
         This includes libraries found in $Config{libs} and the
         first ModuleName.a library for each extension that is
         found by searching @INC or the path specified by the -I
         option. In addition, when ModuleName.a is found, addi-
         tional linker arguments are picked up from the
         extralibs.ld file in the same directory.

          perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts -- -std Socket

         This will do the same as the above example, along with
         printing additional arguments for linking with the
         Socket extension.

          perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts -- DynaLoader

         This will print arguments for linking with just the
         DynaLoader extension and libperl.a.

          perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts -- -std Msql -- -L/usr/msql/lib -lmsql

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         Any arguments after the second '--' token are additional
         linker arguments that will be examined for potential
         conflict.  If there is no conflict, the additional argu-
         ments will be part of the output.

     perl_inc()
         For including perl header files this function simply
         prints:

          -I$Config{archlibexp}/CORE

         So, rather than having to say:

          perl -MConfig -e 'print "-I$Config{archlibexp}/CORE"'

         Just say:

          perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e perl_inc

     ccflags(), ccdlflags()
         These functions simply print $Config{ccflags} and
         $Config{ccdlflags}

     ccopts()
         This function combines perl_inc(), ccflags() and
         ccdlflags() into one.

     xsi_header()
         This function simply returns a string defining the same
         EXTERN_C macro as perlmain.c along with #including
         perl.h and EXTERN.h.

     xsi_protos(@modules)
         This function returns a string of boot_$ModuleName pro-
         totypes for each @modules.

     xsi_body(@modules)
         This function returns a string of calls to newXS() that
         glue the module bootstrap function to boot_ModuleName
         for each @modules.

         xsinit() uses the xsi_* functions to generate most of
         its code.

EXAMPLES

     For examples on how to use ExtUtils::Embed for building
     C/C++ applications with embedded perl, see perlembed.

SEE ALSO

     perlembed

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AUTHOR

     Doug MacEachern <dougm@osf.org>

     Based on ideas from Tim Bunce <Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk> and
     minimod.pl by Andreas Koenig <k@anna.in-berlin.de> and Tim
     Bunce.

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